• br Expression profile of GPR As noted above initial

  2021-10-01

  

  Expression profile of GPR35 As noted above, initial studies indicated expression of GPR35 in rat intestine [1] and stomach [2]. Subsequent studies have confirmed significant expression levels in the small intestine, colon and stomach, and this might be relevant in the association between a GPR35

• T L cells can be induced

  2021-10-01

  

  3T3-L1 cells can be induced to differentiate into adipocytes by the appropriate hormonal treatment and they offer a useful in vitro model system for adipogenesis. GPR120 mRNA was detected in differentiated mature adipocytes but not in confluent preadipocytes (Fig. 3A). The level of GPR120 mRNA incre

• br Evolution of multiple GnRH forms

  2021-10-01

  

  Evolution of multiple GnRH forms and GnRH receptors across vertebrates GnRH is an evolutionary ancient peptide that first appears prior to the protostome-deuterostome split, and is a member of the GnRH-adipokinetic hormone-corazonin superfamily of peptides (Roch et al., 2011, Roch et al., 2014).

• It is important to clarify whether the decrease in USV

  2021-10-01

  

  It is important to clarify whether the decrease in USV after administration was secondary to the central depressant actions of the test compounds. Several reports have addressed the possibility that central depressant actions such as motor incoordination or changes in body temperature might affect U

• br Results and discussion br Conclusion

  2021-10-01

  

  Results and discussion Conclusion In conclusion, our present results indicated that l-glutamate treatment could induce resistant to B. cinerea in postharvest tomatoes. The control effect was probably associated with up-regulating the glutamate receptor-like genes, PR genes and the accumulation

• In order to discover novel small molecule compounds with

  2021-10-01

  

  In order to discover novel small-molecule compounds with the activity of GLUT4 translocation, we conducted a cell-based phenotype screening in L6-GLUT4-myc myoblasts by measuring appearance of GLUT4 on the plasma membrane (GLUT4 translocation activity). Evaluation of total 183,400 compounds gave sev

• The conversion of lactose to GOS

  2021-10-01

  

  The conversion of lactose to GOS by β-gal involves the same transglycosylation mechanism used by most glycoside hydrolases (GHs). This mechanism (Fig. 1) involves an enzyme-bound intermediate and consists of two processes: glycosylation and deglycosylation (Adlercreutz, 2017). The glycosylation proc

• In autoimmune diseases lymphocytes penetrate into the inflam

  2021-09-30

  

  In autoimmune diseases, lymphocytes penetrate into the inflammatory lesions of tissues, where it is prominently hypoxic or even anoxic, and utilize glycolysis for an energy supply after activation or under hypoxia (Sitkovsky and Lukashev, 2005; Palazon et al., 2014), which is modulated by the oxygen

• Intestinal epithelium renewal is tightly controlled

  2021-09-30

  

  Intestinal epithelium renewal is tightly controlled by Hedgehog genes. Three Hedgehog genes are highly conserved in mouse and human, including Sonic hedgehog (Shh), Indian hedgehog (Ihh), and Desert hedgehog (Dhh) [13]. Hedgehogs bind to Patched (PTCH) [[14], [15], [16]], which unlike conventional r

• The Fe deficiency treatment significantly

  2021-09-30

  

  The Fe-deficiency treatment significantly increased the shoot/root Fe ratios in both WT and transgenic lines (Fig. 5C), which implied that the Fe distribution from root to shoot may be an adaptive mechanism or stress response in tomato plants. Thus, the overexpression of GSNOR had a positive effect

• Based on these findings we set out to identify GPR

  2021-09-30

  

  Based on these findings, we set out to identify GPR109A agonists capable of biasing the receptor's signaling towards the functional anti-lipolytic and presumed therapeutic response, and away from the flushing side-effect pathways. Indeed, using recombinantly expressed GPR109A, two classes of compoun

• br GluR A knockout mice Genetically modified adult

  2021-09-30

  

  GluR-A knockout mice Genetically modified, adult mice lacking the GluR-A AMPA receptor subunit exhibit fast synaptic transmission in the hippocampus, mediated by the receptors formed from the remaining AMPA receptor subunits GluR-B and GluR-C (Sommer et al., 1991), but are deficient in a rapidly

• br Clinical trials testing GLP mimetics in

  2021-09-30

  

  Clinical trials testing GLP-1 mimetics in AD or PD patients GIP analogues show good neuroprotective effects in animal models of AD and PD Glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) is a 42-amino as 481 australia incretin growth factor which activates pancreatic islets to enhance insuli

• There is a dual inducer

  2021-09-30

  

  There is a dual inducer of both galanin and super-threshold pain. First, injury-induced pain may stimulate galanin secretion. After peripheral nerve injury, the galanin expression level was upregulated in dorsal root ganglion (DRG), dorsal horn and hypothalamic arcuate of rats [25], [28], [33]. The

• The second patient had a homozygous substitution within

  2021-09-29

  

  The second patient had a homozygous substitution within exon 6 (c.538C>T). The parents were heterozygous and showed no clinical or immunological defect. The mutation has been predicted to alter a potential exonic splicing enhancer (ESE) site. Therefore, exon 6 skipping could be explained by the ESE-

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